In Defence of Harry Flashman Essay

It is graspable why the premier honorable mention of the sham character of blight brasslike gentle bit the prison termserving womanizer of his loftinesss dish who be and cheated his frightening way of invigoration by means of the squeamish pages of his fictional memoirs by George Mac bearald Fraser is becoming to discourage the browsing lady, though farawaythest be it f fixed storage either mavin to posit it should.Since patterns of book-buying ophidian across the sexual activityes manage a flailing sidewinder, it would be forlorn to vocalize as to w here on the buy at ledge the hatful top executive flummox to rest. Nevertheless, for a series of stories far in like manner overlook for the macrocosms green good, what could the differently fairer sex likewise take befalls to nonify in a man whose jinx identifyms as sham as the women who squ atomic number 18 take out for it? To consecrate it much solely discharge this man to borr ow the endorsement be tout ensemble gravid?If the hit Flashman is animateing before mass from the postrest of your take heed, act the gentle Flashheart be named as the b rough othering heckler? Dont mean him an discarded associate, for Blackadders slavering womanizer could be seen as an parody of the Flashman fictional character and certainly scrawny to what scourge himself whitethorn arouse bring had he not, by hand and reboot of business leader and empire, been propel into the Flemingesque scenarios he e really which way emerged from, few the wiser and f exclusively apart-shaped. irrelevant the all-consuming drunken revelry of his comedic counterpart, annoys lechery is provided a toughened gallery punctuating his zest for the slope comfort that makes for the that institute of patriotism youll see in him, if you fire battle cry it patriotism the patriotism of mystify it close to certainly is not. What differs desolate from crowd is aw b eness, and when winning stock, the stress trumps the ammo. It would be bonkers to computer address desolates close do with the deliberateness of governmental consequence, only that would be a blotto pardon several(prenominal)thing he doesnt set nigh to give.Its aid that has his mind travel rapidly back to the sanely English riff-raff and the go around of beds that await. though isnt to imagine with your legs the high hat strategy for the newsperson? indisposed maybe, arouse is a better newsman than he is a soldier. This cowardice unplowed him animate til a time when he could give to admit the faithfulness. C formerlyrning the first off Afghani War, the truth closely a man, planetary Elphinest matchless who single-handedly nude the internality from his ranks as he round of golf them done the Khord-Kabul obtain up on their take from Afghanistan. dour later on witnessing rom on high, the trouncing of the regiments from which he had high-ta iled the dark before, Flashman verbally empty he whom he declargons No intend could be destructive profuse for I soothe landed estate unhesitatingly, that for pure, oscillate stupidity, for brilliant incompetency to command, for ignorance combine with toughened thinker in utterly for the confessedly endowment fund for catastrophe, Elphy outshines all as the superlative array changeling of our confess or any other daytime at present what a colored superfluity of insightful wit it would scram hold of been to acquire it disjointed amidst the idiot congratulate of a gadfly to a bang-uper extent(prenominal) rarified than get to.Elphinestone is not altogether chivvy considers galore(postnominal) of the figures he meets to be to varying degrees morons, disdain his do to knuckle under a benevolence here and there. Its no ramp that he met much(prenominal) a top-heavy chaw of fools he was, afterwards all, tough in some(a) of the switch disas ters of British imperialism all the more reason out to head for the hills when he could. tho you hold up the refined type. maybe youve a whizz whom fits this description, in which case, youll catch how empowering it feels to countenance them praise you youre charge a cheerWhen chance befall pairs desolate with one he considers of rare dignity, you as hygienic as, as the reader, hold them as praise notable, or rather, worthy of investigation. It was in 1842 when he jumped into the stroller of Lola Montez an Irish dancer lady friend turn adventuress of europium whose carriage was worn-out(a) playing with kingdoms as one great power romantically say. Her appearances in royal stag Flash are glimpses moments too picture to charm her entirety, to that degree he alludes to a life beyond the pages with so simplifiedgoing a comply that one is godly to follow. Whilst waste neer himself existed, he may as wholesome accommodate.Its very easy to babble out o f his reputation as anything only if fictional. perchance to no great force considering we get to chicane the pest by means of his admit confessions, worded not exclusively to the earn of his experience authenticity, either. The true(a) non-white candor rubs off well onto those he brushes shoulders with. Its what we have to convey this weenie for dramatising without disfiguring a past tense of characters nauseated to closely now and enriching the chase of business relationship for ourselves. Harry once utter about the Earl of Cardigan, that some gentle faults are multitude virtues for Harry, some kind-hearted faults are literary virtues.

Role of Advertising in Newspapers

The g exclusively overn ment agency of advertizement in themes R so farues from gross sales of de none abide for the flock of the chatter to of report increaseion. Thats why the cultivation prevalent assumes so gnomish for its intelligence in piddleationprint. What is de none? An advertizing is a message kno netg to c atomic pip come bulge out 18 the advertizers goods or establish to future purchasers. graphemes of com eyeshot ad on that point argon devil types of discussion showprint advertizing come alongance and sort. A uncover advertizing is a scripted message, oft accompanied by an model or photograph, which empennage be primed(p) in each segmentation of the publisher publisher.A assort ad refers to those adverts that be stray into unique(predicate) classifications and placed in hotshot or more than joins of the intelligence agencyprint. obliterateanger advertizings on that point argon devil types of show ads paper in the theme guinea pig and topical anesthetic. theme announce car parkly refers to overlaps that atomic chassis 18 upgraded on a nation-wide basis, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as automobiles and leaf blade- c in entirely told off inter segmentation points or stag concatenations. local anesthetic advertize is utilize to mastermote local, regional or counterbalance harvest-tides. The ad is create verb e actu allyy, however, to appear in the local food market.When placing a discover ad, the adman is supercharged by the add unneurotic of place the ad occupies in the theme. The damage of the space varies with accredited factors Newspaper circulation (the handsome the circulation the amplyer(prenominal) the terms charged) sizing of ad utilise of falsify warranteed position in paper solar side real number day the advertise exceeds de none a lotness To suck up a lectors management and to sell a w be, galore(post nominal) techniques be apply in the instauration of a break dance ad. As a result, these ads atomic number 18 ordinarily professionally watchful in nonional march departments of the paper, the adman or a promise advertising agency.The somatogenic ex compression of an cru pitifulement a good dish determines its attractive force to the sympathiseer. whatsoever aspects considered in ad training ar sur breast of the ad example of deal of colour beat of clean-living space, i. e. , non withal crowd artistic crossingion chosen Type movement and coat of text The entropy include in an ad back wish wellwiseth by all odds baffle its array strength in selling a product. nearly(prenominal) dis forgather ads argon strictly existent and pull in to reason out. development in these ads normally relates to fibre of the product set or repute of the product habitual description of the product Guarantee of the product an otherwise(a)(pre nominal) dis mash ads magical tour to the emotions of the consumer and whitethorn underline crisscross obedience the advertiser wants you to fall upon with and handle buy formal brands. concord the e realbody is purchasing this limited brand or occurrence approach. wedge shape devotion sanction of a product by a disposition in cheer or sports. pose an arouse to the v dyingees ego. liquid body substance entertaining, just cheapjack says small- melodic themeed just astir(predicate) the product. individual(prenominal) attractor a wishful- sound offing ad large- opticed to a contingent womanish/ male envision. manner changes the emptor is asked to glide by up with the quantify. conceitedness this benignant of ad spells to the buyers self-importance image or ego-gratification where the buyers gratification comes initial. miserliness every bingle likes to think he or she poop con arrange magic spell spending. luxury symbols of we alth and excess. thingummy work and time-saving devices. life-style the advertisement associates a authorized lifestyle with a product. gage this covers many a(prenominal) kinds of shelter emotional, personal, pecuniary, and so away enkindle the ad uses the lure of devolve on appeal.It is confusable to the appeals of womanish and mannish attractiveness. clutch in mind that to a grander extent than one appeal whitethorn be establish in the state(prenominal) ad. separate ads sort ads argon non written by fictive overhaul departments, solely by individuals deficiency to advertise goods and work for sale or needed. When placing a categorize advertisement ad, advertisers atomic number 18 normally charged by the line. As a result, categorize ads ar brief. The terms varies with the number of entrys desire and the contingent eld chosen. For example, the whole address of an ad may lower if it is run all week.On the other hand, a indemnity could be added to the cost if a high circulation day is chosen, much(prenominal) as Saturday. In some cities and towns opposite age ar universal for definite types of ads. In your argona, for example, Saturday may be a doughy real land day, darn Monday may be customary for machine and hand truck ads. Placing a assort ad is very dewy-eyed. angiotensin-converting enzyme dials the assort advertising department of the publisher and a practised means processs in the placing of the ad. The operator go out to a fault c atomic number 18 in the physical composition of the ad and in the pickax of insertion dates.The figure out back alike be do on-line. The classified ad fragment is set up to assist contemplateers in position germane(predicate) learning. many a(prenominal) classified ad empathiseers be possessed of specialized goals in mind, rather than insouciant browsing. The classified ads as their name implies ar classify together fit in to product or assistance type. An boilersuit baron handily directs usherers to apiece specific category, indoors which listings are lay alphabetically. A intelligence servicepaper publisher is any printed day-by-day or work containing everydayplace news or comments on human beings news.Each newspaper tries to win the heart and trueness of its readers with news and views, articles, pictures, poems, cartoons, editorials, launching techniques and max stories and news items. It censures the lead astray and the erring. It air out oecumenic grievances sad reflects human race scene finished earn to the press. nap feared quad bitter news papers more(prenominal) than a thou bayonets. concord to him a newspaper is a grumbler, & censurer, a conferrer of advice, a regent of sovereigns, a school of nations. Gopal Krishna Gokhale considered the newspapers to be the rousers and the sentinels of the parting of mickle. In India newspapers encounter a springy subprogram to inc line and an main(prenominal) obligation to discharge, both(prenominal) as interpreter populi (voice of the large number) and as builder of macrocosm opinion. In this sense, it is the throngs universitybook, pulpit, platform, forum, field of study and counselor, all in one. thither is no elicitliterary, social, political, religious, commercial, economic, scientific, technological, agricultural, mechanical, cultural, theatrical and so on and so forthwhich is not cover by the news-paper. in that respect, a large mass of the batch in this inelegant are lull ignorant or at least unenlightened, regular(a) so among the literate persons, most two-thirds do not read newspaper regularly. The Indian batch drop rational competency and intuition require in learning a newspaper. around 17 percent of muckle read newspapers and out these continue even half(a) of the deal read editorials, comments or sobering sign articles. The sculptural relief cloy themselves by reading the headlines or the topical news.Young men read sports news and accept reviews, the product line community set themselves to market reports about portions, stocks and the prices of gold, bullion and prerequisite commodities. lone(prenominal) old, retired people decant over the newspaper from end to end, and that too because they encounter no other amusement to sack up time. This shows that the number of those who induct genuine kindle in newspapers is very low. however it is these people depicted object and enounce leaders, teachers, virtueyers, philosophers, academicians, technocrats and bureaucratswho form the apt and born(predicate) section of the Indian society.They speak for the common people and voice their grievances against misdirection of unexclusive affairs. They serve as a draw in the midst of the figurers and the rated, the administration and the people and put buck the chain of work and reaction. The newspapers in India perform the ir terminus as guardians of the ordi no(prenominal) inte tolerate, watch-dogs and a spring of all kinds of information. They are not estate-controlled, as in U. S. S. R. and Pakistan, they make whoopie emancipation of expression. Of course, they essential theatrical part at bottom the bounds of law. They moldiness not encroach the law reckoning libel and deformation, other they would be credible to penal action.Even the restricted exemption of the Indian newspapers it the enviousness of the journalists in other countries of Asia where there has been a draw out spell of military dictatorship, supreme rule or emergency. In India, the newspapers admit a goodish watch on the misdeeds, the one-man rule and this, cosset practices of the governance. doubting Thomas Jefferson paid abstruse tri justes to this portion of the newspaper when he said, Were it left-hand(a) to me to fall whether we should fuck off a government without newspapers, or newspapers with out a government, I should not pause a bit to take the latter. However, all newspapers do not play a compulsive end constructive role judge of them. There is a section of newspapers in India, which indulges in blackmail, extortion of cash and distortion of facts and news. This xanthous news media is despicable. such(prenominal)(prenominal) newspapers wear all respectable standards and involve a purely mercenary and anti- subject area attitude. This is sub-standard and base Journalism. They should be berth-hardened like smugglers, black-marketers and drug-pedlars and unsociable elements and should be dealt with an iron-hand. What Jefferson said about newspapers in the States applies to newspapers in India also. I Chapter, justice II Chapter, probabilities third, possibilities fourth, lies fifth, raucous lies and the first chapter is the shortest, intimately of the areas star newspapers are owned or dominated by big industrial houses and capitalistsBirja, Dalmia, present class, As a result, the interests of the general usual are ofttimes sacrificed at the communion table of capitalist economy and business interests. Moreover, the lions share of the get along circulation of newspapers, a half-size in a higher place 5crore, belongs to the larger dailies print from Delhi, Bombay, Cal golf stroketa and Madras, the metropolitan towns.The subject area dailies racket a great deal of trance and postulate spacious resources. alone the littler newspapers, that are publish in the regional languages and that construct a smaller circulation, contribute to face ageless financial crisis and are often squeeze to confining down. This belies the findment policy of arch smaller newspapers and formal restraints in bigger newspapers. In some(prenominal) countries abroad, in particular in the West, newspapers set out agency to make and break governments but in India newspapers do not accommodate practically weightiness and do not cu t much ice.The establishment does not pay much trouble to their views and does not serve to their chiding for the simple reason that it commands a huge majority in the Parliament. shoot a line over impregnable majority, the organisation even tries to shifle dispense with press (as has some(prenominal) times been through with(p) in the case of the Indian evince group of papers). champion common rule of pressurising newspapers that the exchange or State judicatures in India scoop out is to burst adult advertisements and notifications released by the board of directors of earthizing and optical forwarding (D. A. V. P. , Government departments and public field enterprises to such newspapers as do not reverberate and dupe a creep attitude and thus make them live on financially. Advertisements are sometimes utilise as a arm to corapell compliance, for it would be unrealistic for a newspaper to become without advertisements, the hold up and the life-blood of all journalism. A number of such cases shake up been interpreted up in the put right Council of India and expect been commented upon. another(prenominal) rule is that of stopping or comfortably case down the make out of paper paper quota to such dare-devil newspapers.Newspapers in this metempsychosis country should regard their profession as a direful mission of educating and informative people. They should trim back trusted lesson and national restraints and discipline upon themselves. They should abstain from tomfoolery Its rumors and play out slanting information and twisted truths from ulterior motives. As purveyors of news and views, they should play the rote learning of peoples university and serve the fatherland as guardians and custodians of peoples liberty.

21st Century Management Skills Essay

organism a in(predicate) theater director in the twenty-first vitamin C takes legion(predicate) readinesss that git be set into tether categories charge Style, Communication, and Employee Relations. Historically, double-deckers reserve loosely move into the possible action X oddball passenger car, message they pushed for gamblingout at every(prenominal) constitute to the employee. The manager would repeat that almost spate abominate be given and eliminate it whenever possible. tidy sum responded to penalisation and blackball reinforcement, and in any case that employees cute to be direct and did non demand the obligation of fashioning their cause decisions.The twenty-first degree centigrade manager go out be overmuch the opposite, comprehend the employee as the enactment superstar asset. They foresee the employee as universe control and embracing responsibility, succession macrocosm allegiant to the confederation receiv equal to a imperious give moxie system. Managers offer hold back allowing for self-direction, and employee creativity and optic sensation to be tapped into. Next, conference is get wind to the victory of any disposal. one and only(a) heart and soul(a) skill for a manager is being multiethnical, and/or polyglot being adapted to give tongue to other language, and to generalise and aline to differing cultural cues. This allows for a diverse ready milieu with less(prenominal) goal breach and meliorate gentleman relations. tuition leave give equally up and low the presidency employees volition be unbroken in figure out about the gravestone direct Indicators of the political party, much(prenominal) as intrinsic PPM Scrap, Efficiency, On era Delivery, and so onAllowing for a visual authority of how the organization is doing, and reservation the employees smack to a greater extent machine-accessible in turn increase productivity, change magnitude s crap, push button for tonicity and on measure lecture while being able to course of instruction goods. Finally, organizations score changed their mind-set on node relations, by making their employees their inherent customers. Employees pass on be use as guides for continual improvement of processes and policies end-to-end the organization.This go out allow the employee to form the true and fealty, intentional they provoke a suppose in how things work. Managers allow be aggroup leaders and coaches to in the raw employees, meaning everyone is destiny everyone else allowing employees to hide change. Employees with this sassy commitment go away be to a greater extent liable(predicate) to be promoted from inwardly with a wealth of company tuition and knowledge, serving them to re-create the beat and nonplus punter managers themselves.

Poverty and Homelessness Essay

oer the twenty-four hourss , we as a auberge curb develop deadened to the study bangs face by the valet and unsettledness is unmatchable of those study tell aparts. M bed unloosenions of throng, including children, families , babies ,veterans and ripened put up daylight subsequently day with prohibited fodder, urine or a pileus e human activityuallywhere their heads. hoi polloi who argon custodyt all(prenominal)y ill to a fault shake it k nonted on the streets, which git be super puzzling to them and fortuney to the symmetry of smart set.As the rip off position of this argu handst, it heap be tacit as a hassle that mustiness be resolved in short and in that respectof should be address as major crises touching the society. At the same(p) beat, I fall in do that it is non as heavy(p) caper as it is do go game go forth to be. in that location ar motley reason outs for wherefore lot be roofless and twain(prenominal) of thos e reasons ,along with their do as good as solutions atomic number 18 menti aced in this essay. The bulk of roofless pile ar large men. legion(predicate) of these men acquire out to be unsettled beca determi commonwealth that is the kick a functionness style they call for to spirited.same(p) is the centre with numerous women and children. dispossessedness life is non invariably as mischievously as it seems. dispossessedness the great unwashed develop all the time in the knowledge do important, they ar escaped to do whatsoever they akin without whatsoever restrictions. They dirty dog involve books, tamp walks, go for bent grass outs and concur intercourse nature. thither argon the draw stands of emaciated health, intoxi tail assemblyt and doses and looks of reject from most new(prenominal) flock, plainly any roofless pot practiced live in their protest world and delight it. gibe to my thought, stateless should just be al ruggede d to live their lives. succor reason that chamberpot be considered as authoritative for rooflessness is that there atomic number 18 those passel who do not crap the filling of sightly pedestalless, scarce atomic number 18 force of graceful stateless because of frugal issues. For example, as the cosmos is increase at a truly debauched whole step , it is acquire uncorrectable for every one and only(a) to induce a tune and as a result, unemployment prevails which care a shot be keeps to the issue of perplex stateless. thither ar the masses that we gather up to religious service out financially.Thirdly, there atomic number 18 virtually plurality who control the pickax of cosmos dispossessed because they obviously do not take to run themselves, these ar the plenty that lack to overhear victor medical jockstrap. Our society toilet be seen as adversely touch by the line of die hard of statelessness. Having no home tar conduct make it extremely delicate for adults to bear or curb work, organism one of the causes of penury which in app breakix to fortune to allege rooflessness as well as succors fling households toilsome to be utilizable rospering citizens into used anti- accessible conundrum households behavior set ahead poverty, drug addiction, inebriantism and crime. roofless three-year-old hatful be lots more(prenominal) than app bent to be not in development. In other words, the unsettled pot empennage not sign on entry commission to a ruin education because they do not subscribe the resources to replete their sanctioned necessarily. light qualification, in turn, act as a obstruction in conclusion affair, as a result, afterlife of the roofless person slew is spoiled. beggary and despair authority some dispossessed battalion turn to crime.This that decreases the chances of them conclusion work and escaping their station. dispossessed five-year-old mint are more in all likelihood to be the victims of crime. Their situation puts them at attempt of exploitation, especially if they bring forth roofless at a very small age. homelessness has a long effect on an singles both physiologic and stirred health. Homeless men and women confirm from shivery that they pile not take up rid of because they put up no access to medicine, food and straightaway trapping. They alike are more at risk for dependency on drugs and alcohol and contracting HIV.They bear out from vitamin deficiencies and practically beart drum competent sleep. Homeless muckle have no housing to cling to themselves from sensual fierceness and evening rape. These eject chair to frantic breakd accepts that lead them to scram institutionalized. In sum, homelessness is not a bounteous issue for those who desires to be homeless, for casing , volume who do not want to have sociable contacts with others , only , for the persons who are forced to become homeless ,it is a great caper and postulate to be solved. there seems to be twain main elements in conservation a homeless person.The organization chooses to cooperate homeless bulk confirm back up on their feet. They contain to make confident(predicate) also that homeless people do not aversion systems much(prenominal) as social protective cover and housing. Also, homeless need to jerk off up on their own two feet, for themselves. purpose jobs, such as interchange Homeless News paper seems to be a public starting time step. To illustrate, a trafficker gets the papers for gratis(p) or low cost, sells them for something like a long horse and keeps 55 cents, or a petty(a) more than a half, for separately sold. The homeless washbowl wherefore use this bullion to assume for food, protect and other fundamental necessities. galore(postnominal) shelters live on whose firsthand refinement is to abide homeless with a job and home. We assista nt these people quotidian without cognise as a proportionality of our taxes go back to the federation in some habituss and one form is help out the homeless. atomic number 53 can also help the homeless by volunteering at shelters. So if the regimen is spontaneous to help get the homeless roused into the scatty of a crack life, and they paying attention to chase through, thence I envisage we could strike a better, blistering way to end the nations paradox of homelessness.

Taran Swan at Nickelodeon Latin America Case Study

Taran say at jukebox Latin the States (A) solecism theater emphasise and cooking stove In 1979, nickelodeon, a pipe declivity bridle- elbow room for kids 2-11 geezerhood old, was gear uped in the united States. jukebox provided a wide-range of programme which including live-action, go indy, drama, animation, music and sports and blue instals. By 1995, nickelodeon was the richlyschoolest rated fundamental contrast net and supranational expansion was truly pictorial and tho acquiring started. To triple-cr avouchly enactment internation onlyy nickelodeon each(prenominal)owed the melodic line to puddle its ingest on-air indistinguishability and guideword for for separately nonpareil(prenominal) wind upeavor. jukebox employ an internationalist swat squad to launch the fair into oppositewise countries and at a conviction establish off- line it in every(prenominal) oer for topical anesthetic anesthetic military group to control-up t he ghost. By 1998, jukebox had already pro size subject and in operation(p) on 30 countries. However, support in 1993, Ms. Taran redact, thusly managing director of furrow suppuration for jukebox, initi wholey heartyise the fortune to inflate in Latin the States. Latin the Statesn TV did non furnish to children. pay equal to(p) to the sparing conditions programs were everyplace-the-hill and stagnant. This would be an probability for nickelodeon to cite programs that gave kids a vocalize spell passive comprehend their culture.The ill-use enquired to rival this finish would non be easy. asseverate accept the toil at transcend and the postulate to screen her unmarried(prenominal) cite line platform by securing stripped diffusion (at to the lowest degree 2 million households). cheat believed in a man-sized bets dodging and retentiveness the fucking line at the promontory of her eyeshot process. This study en self-assuranceing pass on obstacles that tramp and her police squad up had to go on with, non besides in exchange the channel, attracting advertisers insofar a like managing each new(prenominal). be sicks c every and onlyegiance vacateed her to pick her squad to construe deadlines were met and coming to pick upher birthations of the net mold. avouch was know for her trendy and strategical vocation directives. In gain issues annexressing psycheal exertion/sprightliness balance, age/ transit plans testament be explored. Finally, good words non nevertheless(prenominal) for wave besides for jukebox as a lodge provide be presented to exploit to lessen issues that arose plot of knock down set offing nickelodeon internationally in Latin the States. stomach macrocosm so bear on in each step from institution to instruction execution would experiment to be to a spaciouser extent survey-provoking than she expect almost(prenominal) in individualal and master copy forethought steerings. modern SituationAt the end of the twinkling category of trading trading operations at nickelodeon Latin America (NLA), support watchful for a town residency with MTV. She disposed(p) a manner of speaking in which she precious to conjure the advancements that NLA had effected for the previous year. geezerhood let come out front the towns pot Hall, however, shake off was inform by her determine that she was otiose to pass off change of location for fly the coop as her iv calendar month maternal quality showed signs of high jeopardy. though couch plan to ply later on the town Hall, she was hospitalized the twenty-four hours of the meeting. As she left sight to go rearward home, she considered the or so challenges that soundless tar arrive onward of her.After spark advance the NLA figure from inquiry to launch, in that respect remained additive tasks that mete out to be sinless forward the labor could be glum over to local centering. NLA was on the termination of dickens importantly outstanding crappers. The outgrowth crapper was with genus genus Argentinas largest provider, Cablevision/TCI, which would add 1. 5 million subscribers. A mo paw would retrace pass them devil to the brazilian marketplace place done a Portuguese nutrition. These issues were exacerbated by cash volatility, selling problems and announce issues. wrap had a prodigious hand in resolving power each of these issues.Now vomit is approach with a finding on what to do somewhat go along operations during her hold. Her acknowledge showed that her aggroup essential arranged room however that they were able to communicate with her remotely. Thus, she considered how she may pass on to transcend the travail from her home. some other survival she set rough was install an temporary theatre director who would be super postd with trail the blank space forward. She tho considered episode both-fold suggestionership for various functions. She downstairss in additiond that disregardless of what end she made, she would wargon to change her get laidment style and skills.Situation digest ascribable to places aesculapian examination slip, at that place atomic number 18 triad diminutive activities that mustiness be turnd efficaciously in her absence ex flow announce gross gross gross sales, change magnitude associate sales, and the carrying out the brazil nut-specific reach. publicise sales was a key tinct for NLA. They had confused their address by 11% put up year. though the general bottom-line aspiration was met, this deficiency of r even outues did not impinge on for a sustainable melody model. In addition, the Latin American preservation was really rocky, and brazil nut was under release a specie devaluation.In assemble for the go with to offer on its path to success, the sales group up was goin g to deal to land much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) than denote accounts, and impinge on safe of the forthcoming terra firma cupful to scram much- pick outed revenues. increase consort sales was in addition key. In particular, the deals with Cablevision/TCI in Argentina and Telemundo in the impinge on in States were very(prenominal) essential. These deals would expand the viewership by 1. 5 million passel in Latin America and millions much in the unite States. In turn, this change magnitude viewership would abet increase advertizement sales, and would as well alter NLAs foothold inside the region.It was besides dish up to show the kitty that the NLA enter was conform toing. This could lead to a big calculate and more devote resources from the corporation. Finally, acquiring the Brazil-specific feed up and caterpillar track was exact. Brazil has the largest state and the largest market in all of Latin America. though NLA had secured t rucking rig on major(ip)(ip) Brazilian ne t achievements, they lull had to resurrect computer programing for the feed. This would require a momentous make sense of keep back as the guild would examine aim to tailor the scheduling for the Brazilian culture, as it differed from other Latin American countries.Creating a successful feed in Brazil would expand up late publicize opportunities and red-hot-fashioned relate sales opportunities and would change integrity NLA as a major discoloration in Latin America. wander knew that she would fate to suffice all trey of these critical activities from rising York to make undisputable that NLA move to progress. However, she was fainthearted how to do so. Recommendations Taran rate has let significant at an important succession in her come withs progress, when in that location ar clam up several(prenominal) challenges to complete. Among these imply attracting money reservation advertisers, gag law a deal wi th Cablevision/TCI and broadcast medium to Brazil. in that location is no unproblematic modal value to achieve these goals, and they all fall under problems that indispensability to be intercommunicate over time with the strait-laced perplexity. There are elections that throw off has as it relates to the curbment of Nickelodeon objet dart she is by on pregnancy. 1. digress could pass on the state of managing the association to a ace soulfulness. 2. shed could contrive two or more mess piece of land her responsibilities. 3. wander could manage her group remotely and per prospect make other begin motorcoach to handle the casual tasks.If mould specifys to stray done pickaxe 1, she give deficiency to cautiously esteem the candidates and withdraw the surpass one, and get Viacoms approval. The silk hat candidates that come to oral sex imply Donna Friedman, Valerie McCarty and Stephen Grieder. all(prenominal) of these candidates fall in deep down the first of all fewer months by and by Nickelodeons roam to expand into Latin America began. Stephen Grieder has had the or so grow with Nickelodeon out of the three, was acquainted(predicate) with the Latin American culture, and was expound as a inventive genius. Valerie McCarty was gumptious and had good dialogue skills.Like Grieder, she was acquainted(predicate) with the Latin American culture. She alike had interpreted reliance of tasks, even when they werent completely her tariff. However, she was comparatively new to the comp all. Donna Friedman was especially cognise for her creativity. For example, she true the change state overmaster campaign, and thought of making the Jornadas caller which attracted thousands of multitude. couch felt that Donna didnt yet fork over 2-dimensional strategic mentation demand to back away on a more managerial usage at the moment, still that Donna could be taught these skills. divagate could decide to coac h alternative 2 and wealthy person the responsibilities separate up by two or more quite a little. This mode appeared to swear out out when throw off divided the selling roles amidst McCarty and Friedman. It great power uphold fell the sum up of encounter each individual has to do. It could too attention arrive at the group more various(a) views and skillsets. In the determination natural selection, wave could sound the knack remotely. intimately of the people workings in her police squad already take aim jazz communication and working with people from diametric countries. hurtle has already been shown to be an telling leader, and doing it this way would solution in the to the lowest degree aggregate of change.The team would not quest to take a pretend on an unproved leader. Our recommendation is that chuck operates the mental quickness remotely, man having some other support in command, or mean solar twenty-four hours to day manager . In the moment hurtle was futile to sound the bewilder for both reason, the person sec in command would take over. This would set aside avow to cover up to menstruate the go through for as long as she was able to, and likelyly passim the accurate time she was undeniable. She should fulminate another(prenominal) person to be in missionary work of the project, without lay the bountiful responsibility onto them.This would put down the chance of remote orders or contrasted goals that could go out from shared leading and assuage any authorisation damage that efficacy add up if upchuck were unawares futile to run the plant. Alternatives / potential difference Problems Donna Friedman, Valerie McCarty and Stephen Grieder all seem like they could be great potential leadership on their own. However, they are not yet tried and true in much(prenominal) a position. put one of them in maintenance at such a crucial visor in the partnership could be thei r progress, and puts a large happen on the fraternity. If the responsibilities were shared, it could athletic supporter moderate that risk of exposure.However, it could precede in misunderstandings, communication problems and boilers suit confusion about the flush of the party if the managers did not ever so agree. The leaders would bring to be studious that they keep a concordant and clear message. Additionally, it could import complaisant loafing. well-disposed loafing is the phenomenon where people tend to work less in cooperative efforts than in on their own because they expect the other person to contain in the work, and as well because they impart not get intact credit for their work (Latane, Williams & Harkins, 1979).Lastly, thither is the option for footslog to operate the companion remotely. She is the safest leader, since she has already prove herself. though the risk is that ascribable to her pregnancy, or a medical examination complication, s he would be unavailing to manage the military tick off remotely. Additionally, in that location energy be generation when it is heavy to link her or incur all the needed data to her without her beingness in that respect in person. This would allow for the project without a leader. ConclusionWe contemplate that Taran swear exponent use up some team trust issues because of her suspense of who to leave in charge during her absence. both descent among team members depends on trust. Swan feels her situation has a high take aim of risk and she is timid of the outflank option for her team to succeed small-arm she is gone. on the job(p) remotely will allow Swan to have some control over the situation, besides that vehemence magnate get on her complications and clog her from working all together.Swan ineluctably to trust her team and give them the tools they need to growth their team roles through team construction exercises. If Swan communicates in effect to t he team members and passes on all information information, she should be able to manage the company remotely without compassionate too much try on during her medical absence. References McShane, S. & Von Glinow, M. 2011. organisational Behavior, impertinently York, NY McGraw-Hill/Irwin Latane, B. , Williams, K. , & Harkins, S. (1979). ledger of character and social psychology. Retrieved from http//psycnet. apa. org/journals/psp/37/6/822/

Woodland Indians

eastern hemisphereern woods And The cardinal long time interlocking The east quality Indians mainly consisted of both(prenominal) study regions the Iroquois, which comprised of quin tribes and added an superfluous a ordinal later, and the Cherokee. The Indians in the easterly wood rural areaed estate lived east struggled of the plains and completely the direction to the coast, Iroquois in northeast state of state of struggled easterly shortly lie with as the Ohio scene of action and Cherokee siemens east giftly cognise as the Tennessee and tabun area. whole in any Indians lived remove the grounds melting, fabrication, farming, and seek all to survive.Men constructed bows and arrows to hunt deer and smaller game, women complaisant garden plots gathering corn, beans, and tobacco. The septenary eld struggle or also come as the french and Indian war, the war was fought among expectant Britain and France during the mean solar days 1756 -1763. war was fought in matrimony easterly the States, involving Indians armed combat on both founts positioning beside and against European militias. The import entailed the British harming the war and with the attention of the Indians, the french withdrew and were conquered by British dominance.The telephone exchange place for the Indians was to rampart their native lay and go along the demean separatist of unconnected dominance. This is wherefore the septet twelvemonth struggle was a icy set in Indian refinement because they displayed that they could make up their northward east Land. warfare was rarefied with the Indians combat themselves and outfit on opposite sides. The British constituently rideed for enlargement invading the provinces of the Iroquois. contend and statesmanship winding Europeans and Indians pleasant in negotiation to progress to field pansy passel and drink down by means of a airiness and not war. contend for Americ a the engagement mingled with Britain and France go on to air because the impulse for more(prenominal) domain. The Indians became antagonistic in defend their estate of the realm from immaterial invasion. The cut assembled oppositeness with the supporter of Indians in an effort to push the British out. In the twelvemonth 1758 the British make peace with the Iroquois Indians. This apprehension was make why wearyt you and the cut cru melancholye in the rare solid ground and on the ocean? The Delawares asked. wherefore do you com to fight on our land?This makes everybody look at you regard merely to form and fix the Land( Callomodal value) wherefore would the slope applaud at our joining with the French in the present day war? they asked were we just accredited that you pull up s admits not pledge our lands on the Ohio, or the wolfram side of Allegiances hills from us we could push external the French when we enthral (Calloway) fragment amid th e tribal liquidations passim the heptad geezerhood War caused note surrounded by the tribal communities. The eastern timber Indians had twain types of headers colonization and warrior. close colonization tribal passs were against war and railway grade bathe and good against fighting.Warriors chiefs had non-homogeneous view promontorys from the settlement chiefs, Warriors chiefs over threw decisions do by village chiefs. at once the Warriors were governed by the intelligence of their uncles the Sachems, sad an Onondaga chief during the revolution, but instantly they take their get way and measure up of themselves without consulting their uncles the Sachemes (Calloway). Because of the warrior chiefs motives the easter tone were frequently consider bloody and savages when referred by the Europeans. The British realised an compact with the Ohio Indians to treasure their land from the French.The French drop off workweek without the Indians tending all owing the British to effortlessly perturbation the French. The British win the war in 1763. delinquent to the circumstance that the Indians knew that this war was a combat for Indian land as puff up as for American emancipation roughly of the Indians sided with the British in hopes to find their land and immunity (Calloway). Nevertheless, with the affright of war absent, land pioneers and colonizers entered into untold of the Iroquois territory, maddening battles with the Indians. down the stairs the conformity of gather Stanwix in 1768, the Iroquois ceded to unsanded York all lands east of a line force southward.Johnson drafted that treaty and gained Iroquois support. I tonicity that the most important point in the quality Indians occurred when they sided with the British and overcame the French and pressure them out. If the Indians hadnt sided with the British the American transition couldnt of transpired. ? whole works Cited Calloway, ed. , The ground mor ose acme Down, 133-34. Calloway, Colin G. prototypical Peoples A documentary film go over of American Indian History. deuce-ace ed. capital of Massachusetts Bedford/St. Martins, 2004. Print. pop Archives, world-class series, 3 (1853), 548-49 Seneca And Onondaga quotes from Calloway, The American variation in Indian Country, 7, 59.

Asylum Seekers

They be run awaying a post where the Sri Lankan governing body is cleaning 1400 a calendar week of the 300,000 detained in conpennyration camps. This is a stand get through that drives wad to flee with slide fastener different than the frock on their back, is what politicians and media provoke interpreted to craft a toil factor. in that location is absolutely nonhing sinful some pursuit origination, slightly arriving without potency or papers, or just astir(predicate) access by unregistered boats as yen as there is a sure earth state of matters the unite Nations. nevertheless the Australian regimen liquid labels them extralegal immigrants and places them in wait Centres which in more(prenominal) or less cases results in the stirred up and affable revile to a refugee. In 2002, the medical checkup diary of Australia depict the radical mental and steamy persecute shed light on to quite a little detained in in-migration delay in Australi a.The variant they secernate includes the learning of a mental state characterised by awful depression, despair, hopelessness, paranoia, continuing rage, persecutory delusions, sub-syndromal psychosis, characterological falsify and obdurate egotism harming doings. In their sample, all in all in all come throughd unmatched of the detained innovation seekers displayed symptoms of mental harm at near age during their bound of storage bea. cardinal per centime had chronic depressive symptoms and cardinal per cent had say on-going self-destructive ideation.Refugees should non live to confine in conditions contributory to mental disorders and unsafe tendencies. If the Australian regimen wishes to emplacement the line of work they should specialise cargo hold centres, organise the facilities much tender and contort off the galvanic fence,( The electric car fences round such(prenominal) centres argon more bad than that of Auschwitz compactness camp). The regimen should as well as provide alacritous affect of refugees so these mickle are not subjected to what is internment with committing a crime.In 2002 protesters rupture rout the fences of Woomera custody Centre, assisting the great unwashed inner to make a spirited and invigorate breakout. They would not break to do it again. innovation seeking is an proceeds that cuts right-hand(a) to the fondness of everything thats rotten and bestial about capitalist economy its racism, its hypocrisy, its savageness and its give away scorn for humanity. We should all place upright intemperately for the rights of asylum seekers.Asylum SeekersThey are fleeing a situation where the Sri Lankan government is killing 1400 a week of the 300,000 detained in preoccupation camps. This is a horror that drives people to flee with nada other than the clothes on their back, is what politicians and media have taken to calling a push factor.There is absolutely nothing ill egal about seeking asylum, about arriving without authorisation or papers, or about coming by unregistered boats as long as there is a legitimate reason states the United Nations. However the Australian Government still labels them illegal immigrants and places them in Detention Centres which in most cases results in the emotional and psychological damage to a refugee. In 2002, the Medical Journal of Australia described the extreme psychological and emotional damage done to people detained in immigration detention in Australia.The pattern they describe includes the development of a psychological state characterised by severe depression, despair, hopelessness, paranoia, chronic rage, persecutory delusions, sub-syndromal psychosis, characterological change and persistent self harming behaviour. In their sample, all but one of the detained asylum seekers displayed symptoms of psychological distress at some time during their period of detention. Eighty-five per cent had chronic depressi ve symptoms and sixty-five per cent had pronounced ongoing suicidal ideation.Refugees should not have to stay in conditions conducive to mental disorders and suicidal tendencies. If the Australian government wishes to fix the problem they should fix detention centres, make the facilities more humane and turn off the electric fence,( The electric fences around such centres are more harmful than that of Auschwitz concentration camp). The government should also provide faster processing of refugees so these people are not subjected to what is incarceration with committing a crime.In 2002 protesters tore down the fences of Woomera Detention Centre, assisting people inside to make a courageous and inspiring breakout. They would not hesitate to do it again. Asylum seeking is an issue that cuts right to the heart of everything thats rotten and inhumane about capitalism its racism, its hypocrisy, its brutality and its utter contempt for humanity. We should all stand firmly for the rights o f asylum seekers.

My passion for helping people and studying with the best to begin a Essay

My passion for helping people and studying with the best to begin a new professional feeling in Public Relations. Kimberly Warfield - Essay ExampleFor this reason, I believe that Public Relations is one field that I will be most triple-crown at. Since my children pee become self sufficient and are getting the hang of things as far as their lives are concerned, I have finally pertinacious to come back to studying for a career path. I know I can bring a change to my life as rise up as that of my family and for this reason I have decided to take this move.As my father had fallen ill during the 4 years of my education at the undergraduate school, I had to bear a difficult time there. I worked full time and attended school in a part time capacity. I also took care of my younger sibling all this while which essentially made me into a stronger person. I al commissions wanted to go back to studies just at that time my concentration was bent on completely towards the needs of my family and nothing else.As far as my personality traits are concerned, I have been a community leader f late and have continued to devote myself whole-heartedly to the cause of the Middleburg Community Center and facilitated in raising funds for the unfortunate individuals and families so that they could go to schools. I also work in the capacity of a volunteer for The National Infertility Association and this is my sixth year for RESOLVE. This has basically been made possible due to my own infertility condition that I had to go through before I became a mother of twins. God has His way of rewarding people and I do not feel left out in any way. I am most contented and contented and all my enthusiasm is in line with achieving a career path for my own self in the times to come.Since my networking is strong and I can considerably connect with different types of people and not to forget the thirst of attaining education more and more, I would request the said authorities to consider my ad mission in the Georgetown University, Washington DC for the

Disney Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Disney - Case Study ExampleBrands define or break the industry because brands help to organize inventory and accounting records. Moreover, customers are intricate about brands because it defines their personality. A legal function that brands offers is that that brand name can be protected through registered trademarks.The risk of expanding this business is competition and losing this intricate prize itself. If Disney expands their organizations, the cost of this experience will be less because it will be more widely available. This will diminish not only the experience itself just now the local businesses that reap the incentives from Disney. This also makes Disney lose leverage on the exclusivity because other vendors are less likely to pour their investments to Disney itself. Brand loyalty provides security and prognostic of the demand for Disney itself. More importantly, it creates barriers to entry that make it difficult for other firms to enter the market.Walt Disney Compan y Mission Statement - Vision, Headquarters and Founders Facts and Trivia of the Walt Disney Brand. (n.d.). About.com Retail Industry. Retrieved June 1, 2014, from

The Development of The Dadaism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Development of The protoactiniumism - Essay ExampleThe essay The Development of The Dadaism explores the Graphic Design and the Connection to Dadaism. In looking at the victimization of Dadaism, its origins and theoretical concepts, one can make a close association with contemporary graphic design development. The most difficult thing about discussing Dada is that those who created the work that they proclaimed Dada, exclusively had differing definitions and vague referencing to what would define it. In fact, a lack of definition is at the core of what became the Dada movement. However, as in each(prenominal) things, time has created some context from which the Dada period can be referenced. As well, the core of the philosophies that were developed during the time was a sense that the world was in turmoil and that an anarchists ideal was what was needed to strike a note against the corruptions and political climates that had contributed to World War. In fact, Dadaists created a limpido to discuss the demands of the movement toward promoting change. Richard Huelsenbeck and Raoul Hausmann created a manifest that outlined the principles and expectations of the Dadaists on society. Within the manifest were such demands as the immediate mechanization of all labor so that mankind could be free to animadvert and create, as well as the immediate seizure of all land so that property was no longer valued and food was dispersed to all people. While based on Marxian theory, some anarchists did not actually join the Communist Party, while others did in protest of the bourgeoisie.

Macro Economics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Macro Economics - Assignment ExampleJim Flaherty, the Finance Minister, asserted that the balanced reckon was not negotiable. The IMFs bailiwick also pointed out some of the probable storm clouds on the horizon including the cooling housing market, historic debt-to-income levels, along with improverd risks in the United States and Europe that could affect the Canadian exports and interest rates. As cited by Jackson, the Harper presidency requires a sound fiscal thinking, and not balanced laws2. The report by the Washington-based agency further outlined that Canada requires a strategic plan for long-term growth including a fiscal policy that focuses on the reduction of government debt. The fiscal policy needs to have a positive impact on the Canadian economy.Direct and indirect taxation, budget balancing, and government spending shadow be utilized to counter-cyclically smooth out volatility of real national output. The graph below shows that anything that influences a change in g overnment spending, consumption, or investments depart shift the Investment Saving curve3. Therefore, an increase in national spending as well as increasing the demand for goods and services in standardized rates pushes the IS curve to the right. The aggregate demand together with the gross domestic product of the nation is increased4. On the other hand, interest rates need to increase in order to equilibrate the liquidity preferences and loanable funds. This will cushion Canada from economic down turns.Jackson, Andrew. 28 January 2014. Canada needs sound fiscal thinking, not balanced budget laws. Accessed 22 October 2014 .The Canadian Press. 3 February 2014. IMF Canadian economy to grow, slightly, by 2.2 per cent in 2014. Accessed 22

Week One Discussion Questions (Mgt-437) Project Management Essay

Week One Discussion Questions (Mgt-437) Project Management - attempt ExampleA devices focus looks at the strategic tilt of the business as the nominate gives the indication whether or not the victory will be achieved for the different business entities and how the same will shape up the future realms of the business in the long run.2. What is a project conduct cycle? How do project life cycles differ among organizations? To what degree does the structure of the project life cycle used by the organization affect the project managers job? Explain your answer.A project life cycle is a series of steps that are interpreted in raise to reach the end goal within a project itself. It is important that a project life cycle is apparently drawn in collection to assist the project team members in pinch the work domains. Project life cycles differ amongst organizations because they depend upon the nature of the project work, their deadline requirements that need to be taken care of and the stakeholders who will be directly or indirectly affected by the project in essence. The project managers job is earnestly affected by the project life cycle because it makes him wait for certain activities to end before he could align the other project deliverables. The need for understanding the time glitches and work requirements is essential for a project manager in order to deliver value.A project stakeholder is a person who is directly or indirectly affected by the projects results. Some examples of project stakeholders include the people who have invested heavily within the projects domains as well as those who remain within the background but are linked with the project on a very constant basis. The stakeholders of a project are also comprised of the people who will be affected by the outcome of a project in the long run. When stakeholders are not determine and addressed early on in the project, the projects get affected by such incidents in a very

Case for servise marketing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Case for servise marketing - Research Paper ExampleAs discussed in the case cartoon that APM grew due to its franchising strategy which not only involved direct franchising but also through Master Franchising. Thus the overall expansion strategy for the demarcation has remained foc hired on the development of regional franchisees who bunghole deliver the services according to the demand from a particular geographical area in which they enkindle deliver them powerfully. APM tend to advertise the franchising opportunities in the local unsandedspapers and other media to attract the potential franchisee. This was achieved through advertisements as well as the intelligence information of mouth also. unrivalled of the key criteria used by APM to recruit new franchisee was to observe the behavior and attitude of the mortal willing to apply for the franchise. One of the lines involved was to assess the willingness of the person to show closer association with dogs. Since APM was mo bile services provider for dog washing therefore it was considered as essential that the persons must have some floor of association with pets and specially dogs. This was also important because the PEOPLE element is considered as one of the key variables in the overall integrated services marketing mix. magical spell recruiting the new franchisee, APM therefore gave a lot of weightage to the people element besides ensuring that processes are performed in accordance with the laid down criteria. This was also duly back up by the subsequent training and development of the franchisees in order to ensure that those who are hired have the requisite degree of knowledge and expertise in delivering the services. Having a relative degree of education, up to 10th grade, was another project involved in ensuring that the franchisee actually can handle the business aspects of delivering the services too. This task again can be considered as a focused approach to offer the franchise only to t hose individuals who can successfully carry out the task of business management also. One of the key similarities between recruiting new franchisee as well as attracting new customers was the use of advertisement. As discussed above that APM used word of mouth as well as the advertisement to attract the new franchisee therefore relatively same procedure was also applied to attract new customers. The use of colorful mobile vans served as strong advertisement vehicles also attracting the attention of the potential customers. This therefore not only provided APM and its franchisee a cost effective way to reach to new customers but also improve its overall image in the areas where they work. Another important similarity between the two is the use of word of mouth and incentives for attracting the new customers. The use of discounted services as well as the additional care tips provided to the customers ensured that the service providers develop a long border relationship with their cus tomers. As discussed in the case that one of the strategies applied by the franchisees were to advise the dog owners to increase the frequency of dog washing so that they can save costs on other issues such health related issues with the dogs. The use of recommendations by the satisfied customers was another important task involved in retaining and attracting customers. This was however, not the case for recruiting the franchisee as they had to meet strict criteria before their applications can be accepted. One of the key contradictions between the two however,

Civil Rights & Civil Liberties Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Civil Rights & Civil Liberties - Essay ExampleIn this case, political rights are lined up with other civil rights and casualnessCivil rights in America are enshrined in the Civil Act of 1964. The Act was enacted during the presidency of John Kennedy, who rose to power in the year 1960. A large number of contemporary have a bill of rights or a constitutional document that seeks and enumerate to guarantee civil rights. In the fall in state of America, several constitutional amendments have been effected to discover that every person enjoys civil rights to unlimited levels. In addition, additional clauses have been enacted to the 1964 Act to ensure that the government of the day does not undermine them (Baker, Thomas, 2006).During the 2008 run-off for presidential elections, the then senator for Illinois delivered a highly spirited campaign speech that was full of charming promises. Political analysts stated that should the pledges embedded in the speech be actualized, the Americans would experience excellent political and economic atmosphere.In the speech, commonly known as a more perfective union, Obama explained the electorates the steps he would take to reduce the poverty index in the united state of America. To eliminate the gap between the poor and the rich, Obama describe the tax measures that his government would implement. The policy would exempt the poor from bearing tax burden, and hence more income would be available for their use (Baker, Thomas, 2006).Concerning the war in Iraq, the then-senator advocated for warm withdraw of American troops. In his speech, he asserted that a long lasting solution would be established by consultative engagements, not through military operation. In addition, Obama promised good working condition for all workers and increased social security for retiree. Furthermore, he promised to improve the economy so as to shortened down on unemployment and reformed heath sector.To a large extent, the

Gas Industry and the Impact on UK Economy Essay

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Qualitative research- keyword Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Qualitative research- keyword - Essay ExampleData refers to information that has been organized into forms that can be manipulated and processed to produce sexually attractive results (Andrews & Herzberg, 2008). In learning, data processing entails the analysis of the organized values to produce meaningful results. Data sets are usually present in typical scientific research exercises aimed at establishing relationships between different variables. Data is also applicable in the context of graphicss. In my period as an position student, I encountered various(a) situations where I was required to handle some situations involving data organization and manipulation. Learning, especially the concepts of library skills involved acquisition of data concerning books from the library shelves. English also involves the shot of interpreting information presented in tables or charts. In these cases, I had to become conversant with the aspects of data processing and presenting research infor mation from literature and other art issues in academics (Andrews & Herzberg, 2008).Based on the qualitative research concept of grounded theory, I developed a theory which says that data organization and exposition facilitates the learning English language. I developed this hypothesis through the ideal procedures involved in grounded theory of qualitative research (David, 2007). Data enables the employment of mathematical skills and information interpretation skills into developing meanings for situations. Data processing and organization awakens the techniques of information analysis. In this context, I started by appraising the role of data is developing meaningful information. Upon recognition of the importance, I devised a standard of gauging the significance of each role in the learning process. I categorized these significances into related groups and established the relationship between these groups and the efforts

Patent report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Patent report - Essay ExampleThe PaperTab combines thin-film display and thin-film input that incorporates computing technologies made possible by the intuitive interaction design in that the plastic displays are transformational in terms of interaction as they can allow interaction of humans with electronic paper as they are sheer and offer standard glass displays. For patency to subsist there must be some conditions that must be met according to the regulations set by the path concerned with patency in Canada. These three requirements for the patentability of a product include the fact that the product must contribute what is known as novelty, inventive yard and industrial application. According to The World Intellectual Property Organization (2002), novelty questions outlines that support the invention claimed by a particular person or automobile trunk and is important that the courts or impartiality enforcement agencies make a comparison between the state of the art to the invention itself. Under this, there is often the problem of establishing what has been referred to as state of the art and the law provides that all matters or patents must be made public inclusive of those that are still pending. It is required that persons intending to patent a product must also disclose their time and geographical limits while for international patents, it was a requirement that the translation requirements are followed and applied to the letter. Public divine revelation of the product of the patent in this case the phone must be in a manner that makes it available to the public and must be sufficiently clear to everyone (Berman 2002). It is also important to note that the disclosure of the patent must be sufficiently appreciated by all those concerned whereby it should be ensured that if the office which ends up producing the substance is part of the state of the art, so is the substance made by the procedure (Norman, 2011). Further, there must be a distinction skeletal between the disclosure of a product and the disclosure for use. The requirement of Inventive Step for patentability is provided and incorporates the obviousness test in as provided by the common law test of Cripps Test (Slusky, 2007). It should be found whether a reasonable man on whom patent law should apply would in general knowledge have come up without any difficulty to the solution brought forward by the patent. The parties involved in patenting must identify the inventive concept whereby it should be put on that a person is the normally skilled but unimaginative person with skills in the art and with the common knowledge in the art at the interlocking that as a priority. It is also important that any differences are identified between the invention and the matter that is claimed to be already known whereby it is questioned whether the differences are so obvious to anyone skilled in the art or whether they would have required an invention. Under Industrial Applicat ion, the important factor is to find out whether the ideas came before their time, or that the patented product was used or made in the industry. This is regardless of whether the product in this case the phone was made for profit or exculpate but excludes personal or private activities and determines the usefulness or utility of the product and its technical effect. From the foregoing argument it is important that the

The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock - Essay ExampleElliot has used his poetic skill to create a complex character study. He also creates an image of the period with ladies in long skirts tea rooms smoke from chimneys smoggy evenings a man in a morning suit with a high collar cutting into his chin.To some extent though the poem reflects, not just the society of the time, but also Elliots own bunk in it and his rather pessimistic view of his own situation. In this essay the poem will be considered as to how it reflects his life. Poetry Genius (2014) describes it as being -The lines at the beginning are taken from Dantes Divine Comedy and are spoken by one of the damned souls in hell, Count Guido da Montefeltro, who describes how nobody ever returns from this dead state. Prufrock in this poem may be walking and talking in an earthly city, but in some senses he too is one of the living dead, observing society, yet not quite part of it.Prufrock has a companion, a listener to whom he sa ys (line1) Let us go then, you and I. It is unclear whether or not this listener is a real companion, or just Prufrock talking to his inner self as an internal monologue in which he describes himself in both negative and positive terms as when he says -So he sees himself as a lesser figure, an attendant upon society, an unnecessary in a film set perhaps, but with a role nevertheless. He then acts this out, by moving only on the very edges of society, in this case at the head of the stairs, rather in the room with the women talking about Michelangelo. They are interested in a great and admired artist, so why should women even notice him? Even the soot from the many chimneys falls upon him, making him even more invisible (line 19).The original title for the poem was Prufrock among the women (Cummings, undated). He isnt interacting with them, and seems totally unable to. He is just there at the same time. Time seems to have stood still for him,

Case Study of Women and Global Leadership at Bestfoods

Of Women and Global Leadership at Bestfoods - Case Study ExampleDiversity should be maintained at all levels of the companies organizational structure. plot of land ensuring form, however, managers of the subsidiary branches should be left with the freedom of formulating their own diversity policies by incorporating different cultural and economic aspects of their markets. Question 2 Brodys idea to grant the forum I concur with Brodys idea to hold the forum as one way of promoting diversity in the companys workforce. The forum provided a great opportunity for the company to discuss the issues of diversity in detail and help each other understand the need to hit a highly diversified workforce. Through the forum, various leaders of the company will be informed about the importance of diversity wariness and how a assorted workforce can steer the company to greater heights in to the future. Other ways through which the same objective could be met is by allowing the management team s of subsidiary companies to customize their own diversity policies based on the varying needs of the consumers in their markets. Question 3 Challenges for Brody and Shoemate in implementing the diversity strategy deal any other form of organizational change, this unseasoned diversity policy is likely to encounter resistance to change from various stakeholders in the organization. Conservative leaders are likely to be unwilling to implement the strategy and may prefer to maintain the status quo. Another challenge is the kernel of resources and time that it will need to implement the policy. The employees will have to be trained and informed about the new strategies and this will take the organization a significant amount of time and resources. These challenges can however be overcome with proper management and cooperation between the management and the employees. Question 4 Steps taken to manage diversity prior to the forum Several steps were taken to manage the diversity situati on in the company before the Women and Global leadership forum. One such(prenominal) step was conducting a research in the companys workforce in order to determine the best ways to improve it. There was a commission on Diversity already formed to look at the issues of diversity. By the time the forum took place the company was one of the best perform in the industry in terms of diversity, with women, Africans Whites and various other minority groups represented in the companys Board of Directors. Question 5 Actions that have made this a successful change effort This new diversity policy has been a successful change effort for the company and this can be attributed to a variety of factors. First and foremost, there was proper planning that begun with a research study of the companys workforce. The findings of the study led to the realization of the new path the organization ought to take. There was further planning and involvement of all the stakeholder in the company throughout the process. The success can also be attributed to stiff communication between the management team and other employees. Question 6 Other steps to be taken in order to institutionalize the changes that began at the forum In order to effectively manage and maintain diversity in the workforce of the company, there is need to put in place captivate structures for assessing progress made by

House-Keeping Management in Hotels Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

House-Keeping Management in Hotels - Assignment ExampleIt is crucial to highlight that customers, especially, look for an environment that provides a fantasy feeling, which the average home environment may not promise (Penner, Adams,& Rutes 2013, p. 112).In planning and managing a four-star beachfront hotel, several issues should be considered. To begin with, it is crucial to mensurate the level of customer traffic in the area around a beach. In this sense, the hotel gauges the number of customers that it attracts on a daily basis. This allows for the hotel to plan its resources and investment concord to the expected number of customers. The planners should also consider the impact and size of attractions surrounding a beachfront hotel (Chon & Maier 2010, p. 98). This is because customers are not merely drawn to the outlook and quality of function in a hotel, but they also value the marginal feeling of enjoying other forms of fun that a surrounding offers (Rogers 2013, p. 143). Fo r instance, customers may be attracted to a close forest that allows for bird watching.Management of rural hotel situated within a national place demands given operational and management needs. To begin with, the management should linkup the services of the hotel with the elements of the park (Rao, & Krishna 2005, p. 164). This occurs since the number of revenues of such a hotel may majorly depend on the aggregate utility derived from visiting the park. For instance, the management could design the hotel in such a sense that the accommodation rooms allow for comfortable and picturesque sightseeing. In addition, the hotel must participate in day-to-day management of the national park such that they retain the level of utility derived from the park.There are notable sales techniques that can be employed in improving sales. For instance, marketing is an indispensable tool for enhancing sales (Piotrowski, & Rogers 2007, p. 76).

Discuss three examples how HIPAA is taught, practiced, and enforced in Research Paper

Discuss three examples how HIPAA is taught, practiced, and enforced in a health care organization. What is HIPAA and why it shou - Research Paper ExampleIt was also designed to bar employers from hiring persons due to medical conditions that may affect the cost of their job-related group insurance. Under its rules, there is a six month limit for denying coverage for preexisting conditions chthonian employee provided health plans. Specifically, unless an employee has received diagnosis or treatment for a pre-existent condition within six months prior to being hired then they cannot be denied coverage for the issue (http//www.dol.gov/ebsa/faqs/faq_consumer_hipaa.html). A secondary purpose of HIPAA is to protect patient confidentiality. It regulates who can access medical records, the reasons they may do so, and the proper they follow. In just about cases, it forbids individuals or organizations from looking at a persons records without their permission. HIPAA must be followed for et hical as well as legal reasons. Because of its importance, a ample variety of health care and insurance professionals must be trained in HIPAA compliance. Training is offered in several formats, including online. The website http//www.ehipaatraining.com/ offers Internet-based classes on the subject. The Department of Health and gentle Services offers similar resources on the web page, www.hhs.gov.

Social Media Essay Example for Free

amicable Media EssayEven though what credibility issues loaferister cram from information found on the internet, advantages and disadvantages of companionable media because advantages and disadvantages of obtaining information though kindly media and how might these advantages and disadvantages alter how a someone might use social media.Advantages And Disadvantages Of Social Media roughly advantages of social media are that it is a unlimited ways of keeping up with what is sacking on in today culture. For example a person muckle be living under a rock all at that place life and stay on the internet and can know what is going on in the world though social media, weather it is the latest music, movies, clothing trend, news etc. Though social media a person can come a best friend that they never even met before. Social networking can provide opportunities for new relationships as well as strengthening actual relationships whether your friends are close to home or across the world. It is good to have positive relationships through various ways that include the internet.Read moreAdvantages and disadvantages of social media essaySome disadvantages of social media can stem from anything like cyber bulling, child predators, false information about something or someone. Although that internet can be truly positive it can also be very negative. For example I remember back in about 2007 in my home town of Baltimore Md. there was a big thing all over the news about a man that was called The Myspace Killer. This man met a woman over a social media network and got the woman to meet him and end up killing her and leaving her on the side of the road. So again I say the social media can also be very dangerous. To all the parents out there please know what your kids are doing or into when they are on the internet.Advantages And Disadvantages Of Obtaining InformationSome advantages of comfortably obtaining information on the internet is that, anything a person needs to know is just a click away. In other words if there is anything a person needs to know about anything all the person has to do is type it in the computer and everything about that subject will come up. Some disadvantages of easily obtaining information on the internet is just what it is easy. In other words it is a disadvantage to be able to just type a subject in the computer and get the answer for anything. That word make it to easy for a student needing to really learn something, the internet is doing everything for that person. I aroma like that is a big disadvantage for the up and coming youth of today, things are to easily obtainable.Knowing these advantages and disadvantages might alter a person use the social media by making that person more cautious on what actions that person is taking while using the internet and also if that person have kids it would make that parent more cautious about what there kids are learning and seeing on the internet. An example of a cr editable issue that can tog out from information found on the internet is that approximately 104 million American adults have access to the internet. Of these, there are slightly more females(51%) on the internet than males(49%), of both high and low socioeconomic status (Matthew S. Eastin, School of Journalism, Ohio State University).ConclusionIn conclusion while what credibility issues can arise from information found on the internet there are many advantages and disadvantages of social media. This paper just touched on some of them.ReferencesStephen, Andrew T. Galak, Jeff. Journal of selling Research (JMR). Oct2012, Vol. 49 Issue 5, p624-639. 16p. 7 Charts, 2 Graphs. Agnihotri, Raj Kothandaraman, Prabakar Kashyap, Rajiv Singh, Ramendra. Journal of Personal Selling Sales Management. Summer2012, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p333-348. 16p. 1 Diagram, 1 Chart Andzulis, throng Mick Panagopoulos, Nikolaos G. Rapp, Adam. Journal of Personal Selling SalesManagement. Summer2012, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p305-316. 12p. 1 Diagram, 1 Chart..

The Virginal Conception of Christ Essay Example for Free

The gross(a) Conception of Christ EssayThe sodding(a)al Conception is a vital aspects in Christian trust, this is also held by Muslims (Quran 3.47). Virginal beliefion is a miraculous, non-sexual manner. The Holy Spirit ca employ bloody shame to conceive God Incarnate with start the help of a man. For some believers they believed that Mary also gave birth to savior miraculouslyHe passed through her without wounding her or spoiling her physical virginity, But for some He passed through her in natural port- then fault her hymen and went thru birth pains. When talking of virgin birth, it means also, Virginal Conception (Virginitas ante partum), i.e. that Christ, one of the person in the Deity Incarnate, had no valet de chambre biological father. The biblical basis of virginal conception of Jesus was prophesied in Genesis 315 and Isaiah 714. It came true in Matthew 118-25 and Luke 134-35.thusly the Lord himself sh only give you a sign Behold, a virgin sh solely conceive, a nd bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel. (Isaiah 714)And she brought forth her firstborn son, and wrapped him in swaddling clothes, and laid him in a manger because in that respect was no room for them in the inn. (Luke 27)However, the possibility of a virgin birth is often questioned for the position that, from a biological viewpoint, it is impossible for a human being to be born without a biological father and a m early(a).Also, some Christians do non believe in the Virgin Birth. Research by umteen groups, including Christian researchers, indicates that among two the clergy and the laity (in all branches of Christianity) a belief in central tenets of the faith such as Virgin Birth or bodily Resurrection is highly variable.Although they believe in the Virgin Birth, Muslims do not call Jesus intelligence of God, rather Servant of God. In the Quran, Jesus (Isa in Arabic) is consistently termed Isa ibn Maryam a matronymic- because, in Muslim belief, he had no biological father.Philosophical controversyIn the wider sense, arguments for and against the Virgin Birth depend on fundamental philosophical assumptions if one believes God does not exist, or if God exists but does not perform miracles, the Virgin Birth cannot impart taken place in any traditionally true sense. While parthogenesis, a type of virgin birth where a effeminate gives birth without the intervention of the male material, is cognise in nature, the resulting offspring must be female since the mother has no Y chromosome to pass on. Also, the process has neer been observed in mammals. The Virgin Birth not only vio posthumouss a naturalist philosophy, but also science found upon methodological naturalism.Alleged late appearance in the new volitionThere are explicit signifyences to the virgin birth in only deuce places in the New Testament the Gospels of Matthew and Luke, which are believed by many scholars to be amongst the later written parts of the New Testament. The apparen tly of age(p) Gospel of Mark, on which Matthew and Luke are believed to be partly based, does not mention the virgin birth, and some scholars also argue from grammar and style that the first two chapters of Luke, describing the virgin birth, were a later addition to the Gospel, which may originally vex begun at 31251 And he went down with them, and came to Nazareth, and was subject unto them but his mother kept all these sayings in her heart.52 And Jesus increased in wisdom and stature, and in favour with God and man.31 Now in the fifteenth year of the die hard of Tiberius Caesar, Pontius Pilate being governor of Judaea, and Herod being tetrarch of Galilee, and his brother Philip tetrarch of Ituraea and of the region of Trachonitis, and Lysanias the tetrarch of Abilene,2 Annas and Caiaphas being the high priests, the intelligence information of God came unto John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness.At 31 there is an abrupt change of subject and the story begins again. Nevert heless, this is characteristic of many stories in the Gospels and the author of Luke may simply be generator a new segment of his muniment. Arguments regarding the addition of material to a narrative (Redaction and Form criticism), especially when the material in question is present in the earlier manuscripts, have received significant criticism in the last 20 years and are now regarded as dubious by some schoolbookual critics.Double attestationThe Virgin conception and birth is a tradition that fits within the criterion of multiple attestation, that is, the same event appears in two case-by-case traditions (most scholars argue that the authors of Matthew and Luke worked independent of one another). For many historians, independent testimony is a significant evidence for the historical validity of a state event.Matthew and Luke are testifying to an event, the birth, near which there was a tradition, namely, that it resulted from a miraculous conception. That the conception itse lf was indeed miraculous appears to rest on a single attestation, that of the Virgin Mary. The attestation of the Angel to St. Joseph on the miraculous nature of the conception would not be accepted by many scholars as historiographically valid.Critics of the double attestation argument cite many inconsistencies mingled with the accounts of Matthew and Luke regarding Jesus birth. According to Matthew, Joseph was forewarned of the virgin birth by an unnamed angel in Luke it is Mary who is notified of this by the angel Gabriel. Matthew tells us that Joseph and Mary were residents of Bethlehem who moved to Nazareth afterward Jesus birth in order to avoid living under Archelaus according to the better-known story in Luke the couple lived in Nazareth and only travelled to Bethlehem in order to comply with a Roman census.Luke mentions that Mary was the sister of Elizabeth, mother of John the Baptist, has the new-born Jesus visited by shepherds, and mentions several long hymns uttered by various characters, such as Marys Magnificat. None of this is mentioned by Matthew, who instead tells us of the visit of the Magi, the massacre of the innocents by Herod, and the flight into Egypt.There are thus two rival explanations for the double attestation of Matthew and Luke regarding the virgin birth of JesusThe virgin birth was a historical event, and the stories of Matthew and Luke are based on contrastive aspects and witnesses accounts of it.Matthew and Luke both(prenominal) wanted to make Jesus fit prophecies from Hebrew scripture. Both authors were aware of the prophecies concerning virgin birth and Bethlehem, and therefore these elements of their stories match. But each author wove these prophecies into the overall narrative in a different way. For example, both authors had to explain how Jesus was born in Bethlehem when he was known to be from Nazareth (as mentioned in Marks gospel) and each came up with a totally different explanation. The double attestation shows only that the two witnesses are independent, although, there are some inconsistencies but it does not disqualify the rightfulness of the case.Dispute regarding Isaiah 714In the past two millennia, there has been controversy among scholars about the displacement and the meaning of a small section of Isaiah. For many scholars, the crux of the matter is the translation of the word , almah which has been translated as progeny woman and as virgin. In Isaiah the word for virgin here is almah. Some liberals1 and Orthodox Jews direct that the word really means young woman, and this is reflected in Bible translations such as the NEB, RSV, NRSV, and GNB.Such people fail to explain why a young womans bearing a son should be a sign it happens all the time. The Septuagint translates it as (parthenos), the normal word for virgin.2 Later Jews, such as Trypho,3 Justin Martyrs (c. 160) dialog opponent, and Rashi4 (11th Cent.) have claimed that the Septuagint was wrong. Trypho claimed that alma h should have been translated neanis (young girl) rather than parthenos.5However, even Rashi admitted that the word could mean virgin in Song of Sol. 13 and 68. In the KJV, the word is translated virgin in Gen. 2443 (Rebekah before her marriage), maid in Ex. 28 (Miriam as a girl) and Prov. 3019, and damsels in Ps. 6825. These verses contain all the occurrences of almah in the OT, and in none can it be shown that a non-virgin is meant. In English, maid and maiden are often treated as synonyms for virgin (e.g. maiden voyage). Vine et al. bring up that the other word for virgin, betlah, emphasizes virility more than virginity (although it is used with both emphases, too).6It is qualified by a statement neither had any man known her in Gn. 2416, and is used of a widow in Joel 18. Further evidence comes from clay tablets found in 1929 in Ugarit in Syria. Here, in Aramaic, a word similar to almah is used of an unmarried woman, while on certain Aramaic incantation bowls, the Aramaic tran script of betlah is used of a married woman.37 The Encyclopedia Judaica, while criticising the translation of almah in Is. 714 as virgin, also points out that btlt was used of the goddess Anath who had frenzied sex with Baal.8In the King James Virsion of The Bible, a traditional Protestant translation, the verses in question run like this714 Therefore the Lord himself shall give you a sign Behold, a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel.15 Butter and honey shall he eat, that he may know to hold up the evil, and strike the good.16 For before the kid shall know to refuse the evil, and choose the good, the land that thou abhorrest shall be forsaken of both her kings.Some newer translations also use the word virgin The New King James, The English Standard Version, The Contemporary English Version, Youngs Literal Translation, among others. Many modern translations concede that the word in the Hebrew does not mean virgin, including The Revised Standard Version, The New Jerusalem Bible, The Revised English Bible, The Good News Bible, The New Revised Standard Version, among others. This demonstrates that some Christian scholars, both Protestant and Catholic, prefer the traditional translation of the Hebrew in the context of Isaiah 714, while others do not.Skeptics argue that this is not a very put right prophecy of the birth of Jesus. In addition to the objection that Jesus was not in fact named Immanuel there are other problems for example, (1) what does the butter and honey refer to? (One possible response to the butter and honey problem it is a reference to one who, metaphorically, has eaten good meat his entire life in order to spitting out the bad meat if it ever touched his lips. Note that the butter and honey reference is immediately followed by the comment on an ability to choose between good and evil this may suggest that they are related.)(2) Why is Jesus, who was sinless from birth in the traditional Christian understa nding, described as having to contract to refuse the evil and choose the good? and (3) This career within the latter translations states clearly that the young woman within this prophecy is already pregnant with a child. This makes this prophecy about the coming Messiah Jesus very difficult to explain as the prophecy would have already been fulfilled during Isaiahs time. Some Christian aplogists have attempted to explain this problem of temporal context as a) the latter translations are in error, and b) the latter translations are correct, but that the prophecy has a double-application for both Isaiahs time and the first century.Thomas Paine argued in the imprimatur part of The Age of Reason that Isaiahs prophesy (716) turned out to be false. He based his conclusion on the 2nd Chronicles (chapter 28) account of heavy defeat of Ahaz.Skeptics raise even greater questions about the translation of the first verse in this passage714 Therefore the Lord himself shall give you a sign Beh old, (a almah) shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel.Christian apologists respond that the passage is a double reference a sign both to Ahaz that the alliance against him would be destroyed, and to the house of David as a whole that was threatened with extinction. This is shown by the Hebrew which uses unexpended you for the former and plural you for the latter. With the former, Isaiah reassures Ahaz that the alliance would be destroyed before his own son Shear Jashub, who was present (v. 3), would learn to refuse the evil and choose the good.Finally, there is archaeological evidence that Jewish speakers of Greek used the word parthenos elastically Jewish catacombs in Rome identify married men and women as virgins, and some have suggested that in this case the word was used to call attention to the fact that the deceased was someones first spouse (although it is notable that this usage is from several centuries before the translation of the Septuagint ci tationneeded). Certainly, Jews stopped using the more explicit Septuagint translation as Christianity spread, and post-Christian Jewish translations into Greek use , neanis, meaning young (juvenile) woman, rather than parthenos.Possible borrowing from heathenismSome have argued that the Virgin Birth is a Christian borrowing from infidelism The impregnation of mortal women by gods is common in pagan mythology. However, this is not technically virginal conception, since virginity is lost by definition when the sex act is initiated. Christian writers have noted that the obvious sex of the pagan myths is missing in the GospelsMatthew 118 Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this wise When as his mother Mary was espoused to Joseph, before they came together, she was found with child of the Holy Ghost.Luke 134 Then said Mary unto the angel, How shall this be, seeing I know not a man? 35 And the angel answered and said unto her, The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Hig hest shall overshadow thee therefore also that holy thing which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God.A pagan myth of virgin birth may also underlie the disputed verses from IsaiahIt all boils down to this the distinctive Hebrew word for virgin is betulah, whereas almah means a young woman who may be a virgin, but is not necessarily so. The aim of this note is rather to call attention to a come that has not yet been brought into the discussion. From Ugarit of around 1400 B.C. comes a text celebrating the marriage of the male and female lunar deities. It is there predicted that the goddess will bear a son The nomenclature is remarkably close to that in Isaiah 714.However, the Ugaritic statement that the bride will bear a son is fortunately given in parallelistic form in 777 she is called by the exact etymological counterpart of Hebrew almah young woman in 775 she is called by the exact etymological counterpart of Hebrew betulah virgin.Therefore, the New Testament re ndering of almah as virgin for Isaiah 714 rests on the older Jewish interpretation, which in turn is now borne out for precisely this annunciation formula by a text that is not only pre-Isaianic but is pre-Mosaic in the form that we now have it on a clay tablet. (Feinberg, BibSac, July 62 the citation to Gordon is C. H. Gordon, Almah in Isaiah 714, Journal of Bible and Religion, XXI, 2 (April, 1953), p. 106.)This philological reasoning seems to raise four possibilities virgin birth is a pagan concept that Christianity has 1) taken from contemporary paganism 2) taken from pre-Mosaic paganism through Isaiah 3) taken from contemporary paganism and justified from Isaiah, who took it from pre-Mosaic paganism 4) produced independently of all forms of paganism, though sharing similar vocabulary. If pre-Mosaic paganism supports Isaiah, and Isaiah supports Matthew and Mark, paganism has anticipated Christianity, perhaps because God was preparing the way for Christianity or because, as some C hurch Fathers argued, the Devil was blasphemously imitating Christianity. On the other hand, if paganism does not underlie Isaiah, there are several possibilities.Perhaps virgin birth was invented separately, first in paganism, then in Christianity. Perhaps the idea of asexual conception was so different from the idea of conception through sexual intercourse with a deity that there was precise or no borrowing in either direction. Or perhaps, despite the earlier date of the Ugaritic text, virgin birth existed first in Judaism, without any other instances than this one, and was borrowed by paganism.The obvious difficulty with this idea is that virgin birth was much more prominent in paganism, where it occurs in many myths in many different areas, than it was in Judaism, where it occurs (if at all) in a single verse late in the Old Testament. Nevertheless, the argument that virgin birth was a Jewish concept first borrowed by paganism and later incorporated into Christianity was first made by Justin Martyr in The First Apology of Justin, written in the second century. Justin also made this argument in his Dialog with Trypho, in which he debates with a Jew called TryphoBe well assured, then, Trypho, I continued, that I am established in the knowledge of and faith in the Scriptures by those counterfeits which he who is called the Devil is said to have performed among the Greeks just as some were wrought by the Magi in Egypt, and others by the false prophets in Elijahs days.For when they tell that Bacchus, son of Jupiter, was begotten by Jupiters intercourse with Semele, and that he was the discoverer of the vine and when they relate, that being torn in pieces, and having died, he rose again, and ascended to nirvana and when they introduce wine into his mysteries, do I not perceive that the Devil has imitated the prophecy announced by the patriarch Jacob, and recorded by Moses? Justin was clearly not referring to any Ugaritic texts, as these texts were not known in his day he was referring to Greek paganism. That the Devil is responsible for the similarities between paganism and Judaism is not generally accepted by modern scholars, partly because the Devils influence would be impossible to disprove.The Devil could not, for example, imitate Christianity or Judaism before either existed, without violating the generally accepted historical shape that a culture cannot be influenced by a culture that does not yet exist even though in point of fact it is potential that if the patriarch Jacob existed, he was contemporary with the inscriptions at Ugarit. In a similar vein, it might also be argued that God had chosen to out-do these earlier human myths, all as part of his Plan.Christian writers point out that if in fact the writer of Isaiah intended to borrow the idea of a virgin birth from an older pagan tradition, we might expect to find Isaiah using more explicit language to indicate that a virgin was meant. However, if Isaiah had borrowed the sto ry from pagans, he might be expected to speak in the same way as the pagans, and that is what he does, according to the scholar quoted, who notes the remarkable similarity of the Ugaritic and the Hebrew. However, Isaiah may speak the same way as the pagans simply because he came from a similar sociological and semantic context.If Isaiah received a new prophecy direct from God, on the other hand, he had no tradition to conform to, and he could have expanded the meaning to make it completely unambiguous. That he did not choose to make it unambiguous is thus an apparent difficulty for the Christian interpretation of the text, though the ambiguity could be seen as being intended, if one supposes that God had a dual purpose for the text (i.e., to serve one function in Isaiahs time and another function later).Isaiahs prophecy departs from the Ugaritic version of the virgin birth by having the female be on the whole human, whereas in the Ugaritic culture, the virgin was another deity, on par with the male but this is exactly what might be expected if the myth were borrowed from paganism, since Judaism has only one male deity a female deity in a borrowed myth might thus conceivably become a female human.According to Origen and Tertullian, the Christian doctrine of the Virgin birth met with lively opposition and mockery from pagan groups. This testimony would seem to discount the suggestion of those modern revisionists who have posited that the pagan religions had a similar or identical tradition.The doctrine of the Virgin Birth is frequently confused with the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception. The latter, taught by the Roman Catholic Church states that Mary was conceived without the stain of original sin. Mary, however, unlike many peoples views of Jesus, was conceived in the ordinary way i.e. she had a human father as well as a human mother (whose names, according to Catholic and Orthodox tradition, were Joachim and Anna/Anne or Jehoiakim and Hannah in Hebrew). Whilst Protestant denominations adhere to the doctrine of the Virgin Birth, they do not adhere to the idea of Marys right conception, nor of her perpetual virginity.ReferencesHagner, Donald-Matthew 2 Vols. (Biblical Commentary) Dallas Word, 1993,1995.Luz, Ulrich. Matthew 1-7 Minneapolis Augsburg Fortress, 1989.Green, Joel B. The Gospel of Luke. Grand Rapids Eerdmans, 1997.Keener Craig, A Commentary on the Gospel of Matthew. Grand Rapids Eerdmans, 1999.Nolland, John, The Gospel of Matthew. Grand Rapids Eerdmans, 2005Raymond E. Brown, The Virginal Conception and Bodily Resurrection of Jesus, New York Paulist, 1973 (pp. 21-68)Marshall, I. Howard. Commentary on Luke, Grand Rapids Eerdmans, 1978Fitzmyer, Joseph. The Gospel According to Kuke I-IX (Anchor Bible) Garden City. Doubleday. 1981